CANADIAN FORCES MORALE AND WELFARE SERVICES

Stress

Selye, H. (1956).  The Stress of Life.  McGraw-Hill.

Selye H (1980). The stress concept today.  In I.L. Kutash & L.B. Schlesinger (Eds.) Handbook on Stress and Anxiety: Contemporary Knowledge, Theory and Treatment (pp. 127-143).  Jossey-Bass.

Wear and tear

APA. (November 1, 2018). “Stress effects on the body.” https://www.apa.org/topics/stress-body

How stress impacts performance

Yerkes, R.M. & Dodson, J. D. (1908). The relationship of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit formation.  Journal of Comparative Neurology of Psychology, 18, 459-482.

Acute, episodic, and chronic stress

Colligan, TW., Higgins, EM. (2006). Workplace stress. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 21:2, 89-97.

Studies on the impact of chronic stress

Mariotti A. (2015). The effects of chronic stress on health: new insights into the molecular mechanisms of brain-body communication. Future science OA, 1(3), FSO23. https://doi.org/10.4155/fso.15.21

Yaribeygi, H., et al. (2017). The impact of stress on body function: A review. EXCLI journal, 16, 1057–1072. https://doi.org/10.17179/excli2017-480

Fight, flight or freeze

Cannon W. B. (1927). The James-Lange theory of emotions: A critical examination and an alternative theory. American Journal of Psychology, 39, 106.

Cannon W. B. (1929). Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear and rage (2^nd Edition). Appleton, Century, Crofts.

Barlow D. H. (2002). Anxiety and its disorders. Guilford Press.

Perceived Stress Scale

Cohen,  S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 24, 386.

Cohen, S. & Williamson, G. (date) Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States. In S. Spacepan & S. Oskamp (Eds.), The social psychology of health. Sage.

Four key characteristics of stressful situations

Centre for Studies on Human Stress. (2019). Recipe for stress. Retrieved from: https://humanstress.ca/stress/understand-your-stress/sources-of-stress/

Stress experience sampling activity

Adapted from Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990/2008). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper Perennial.

Coping

Cohen, F., & Lazarus, R.S., (1979). Coping with the stress of illness. In C.G. Stone, F. Cohen, F., N.E. Adler (Eds), Health psychology: A handbook (217-254). Jossey-Bass.

Folkman S, & Lazarus RS. (1980) An Analysis of Coping in a Middle-Aged Community Sample.  Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21: 3, pp. 219-239

Lazarus, R.S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and coping. Springer.

Lazarus, R.S. & Folkman, S. (1987).  Transactional theory and research on emotions and coping. European Journal of Personality, 1, 141-169.

COPE Inventory

Carver, CS. (1997).  You want to measure coping but your protocol’s too long: Consider the brief COPE.  International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4:1, 92-100.

Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K.  (1989).  Assessing coping strategies:  A theoretically based approach.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 267-283.

Importance of military families (support and strength to Defence members)

Canada, Department of National Defence. (2017). Strong, Secure, Engaged: Canada’s Defence Policy. Government of Canada. More information.

Definition of families

The Vanier Institute of the Family. (2020). Definition of Family. More information.

Who are military families?

Manser, L. (2018). Profile of Military Families in Canada: 2017 Regular Force Demographics. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services. More information.

Relocations

Manser, L. (2018). Relocation Experiences. The Experiences of Military Families with Relocations Due to Postings – Survey Results. Ottawa, ON: Military Family Services, Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services. More information.

Self-Care

Butler, L. D., et McClain-Meeder, K. (2015). Self-Care Starter Kit. Récupérée de http://www.socialwork.buffalo.edu/students/self-care/index.asp

Flourishing

Seligman, M. (2012). Flourishing: A visionary understanding of happiness and well-being. Atria Books.

Mental Health Continuum Model

Adapté de Nash, WP., et al. (2011). The stress continuum model: A military organizational approach to resilience and recovery. In Southwick, SM. Litz., BT., Charney, D., Friedman, MJ. Resilience and Mental Health: Challenges across the Lifespan. Cambridge University Press.

Family or relationship violence

MacCourt P., Family Caregivers Advisory Committee, Mental Health Commission of Canada. (2013). National Guidelines for a Comprehensive Service System to Support Family Caregivers of Adults with Mental Health Problems and Illnesses. Mental Health Commission of Canada.
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Resilience

Canada, Department of National Defence. (2015). Canadian Army Integrated Performance Strategy (CAIPS) Op O 01. 4500-1. Last accessed 03 December 2020. Read More

Deep breathing

Moore, M., Brown, D., Money, N. et Bates, M. (2011). Mind-body skills for regulating the autonomic nervous system. Defense Centres of Excellence.
Peper, E. (2010). Breathing for health with biofeedback. Thought Technology Ltd.
Peper, E., et Tibbetts, V. (1997). Effortless diaphragmatic breathing. Electromyography: Applications in chronic pain, physical medicine et rehabilitation. Read More

Goal setting

Locke, E. A., et Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. American Psychologist, 57, 705-717.

Visualization

Weinberg, R. S., et Gould, D. (2003). Foundations of sport et exercise psychology (3rd Ed.). Human Kinetics.

Self-talk

Beck, J. (1995). Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond. Guilford Press.
Ellis, A. et MacLaren, C. (1998). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. Impact Publishers.

Progressive muscle relaxation

McCallie, MS., Blum, CM., Hood, CJ. (2006). Progressive muscle relaxation. Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment, 13:3, 51-66.

Mindfulness

Definition:
Jha, A., Stanley, E.A., Kiyonaga, A., Wong, L., et Gelfand, L. (2010). Examining the protective effects of mindfulness training on working memory capacity and affective experience. Emotion, 10:1.
Stanley, E.A., et Jha, A. (2009) Mind fitness improving operational effectiveness and building warrior resilience. Joint Force Quarterly, 55:4.

Concept:
Jha, A., Stanley, E.A., Kiyonaga, A., Wong, L., Gelfand, L. (2010). Examining the Protective Effects of Mindfulness Training on Working Memory Capacity and Affective Experience. Emotion, 10:1.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of your Body and Mind to Face Pain, Stress and Illness. Delta Trade Paperbacks
Shapiro, S.L., Carlson, L.E., Astin, J.A., Freedman, B. (2006). Mechanisms of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(2), 373-386.
Stanley, E.A., et Jha, A. (2009) Mind fitness improving operational effectiveness and building warrior resilience. Joint Force Quarterly, 55:4.

Family resilience

Meadows, S. et al. (2016). “Family resilience in the military. Definitions, models and policies.” Rand Health Quarterly, vol 5, no 3. Read More

Five key processes for building family resilience

Covey, S. R. (1997). The seven habits of highly effective families: Building a beautiful family culture in a turbulent world. Golden Books.
Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.
Epstein, N. B. et al. (1993). The McMaster Model: View of healthy family functioning. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes (p. 138 – 160). The Guildford Press.
Gottman, J. M. (1994). What predicts divorce? The relationship between marital processes and marital outcomes. Lawrence Elbaum Associates.
Meeks, B. S., Hendrick, S. S., et Hendrick, C. (1998). Communication, love and relationship satisfaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15(6), 755-773.
Walsh, F. (2012). Family resilience: Strengths forged through adversity. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal Family Processes (4th ed. pp. 399-427). Guilford Press.
Walsh, F. (2006). Strengthening family resilience (2nd ed.). The Guildford Press.

Four key types of social support

Uchino, B. N. (2004). Social support and physical health: Understanding the health consequences of relationships. Yale University Press: New Haven, CT.
Wills, T. A. (1985). Supportive functions of interpersonal relationships. In S. Cohen et S. L. Syme (Eds.), Social support and health (p. 61–82). Academic Press.
Wills, T. A. (1991). Social support and interpersonal relationships. In M. S. Clark (Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology (Vol. 12, pp. 265–289). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Family violence

DAOD 5044-4, Family Violence